Gas chromatography is a very efficient and fast method for separating vaporizable substances. In laboratory experiments, different types of petrol are examined and classified according to their composition.

In GC/MS analysis, substances separated using gas chromatography are identified using a mass spectrometer. These devices enable substances to be detected down to the picogram range (10-12 g).

Voltammetric analysis methods can be carried out quickly and economically. This makes it possible, for example, to detect traces of heavy metals in drinking water or wine. These methods are not limited to inorganic analytes. Many organic substances can also be determined.